Tamsulosin and spontaneous expulsion of ureteral stones

ureteral stones have a high rate of spontaneous expulsion, especially when they are smaller than 6 mm. some medications including corticosteroids, Ca channel blockers and alpha-blocker have been used by some to enhance spontaneous stone passage. In this paper we evaluate the effect of Tamsulosin in spontaneous stone passage in a clinical trial study. We performed clinical trial study of 100 renal colic patients with lower ureteral stones and stone size less than 7 mm determined by CT scan, KUB or ultrasonography of UVJ region who didn't have UTI, intractable pain or any indications of immediate intervention during January 2006 and April 2007.50 of the patients got only standard regime of analgesics and 50 of them got standard regime and Tamsulosin [0.4 mg/d]. The stone expulsion rate was 60% [30/50 patients] for group A and 86% [43/50] for group B [P=0.01] with a mean expulsion time of 8.1 +/- 2.2 [range 3.5-12] and 5.1 +/- 2.7 days [range 1.8-10.5] [P=0.005]. Tamsulosin increase spontaneous stone passage and decrease expulsion time and analgesic use significantly

[Determination of the amount of aflatoxin in milk samples delivered to Sanandaj pasteurized milk corporation]

Aflatoxins are toxic mold metabolites produced by toxigenic strains of Aspergillus species. They have an important role in the occurrence of a number of human diseases such as liver cancer, chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to determine the amount of aflatoxin M1 in raw milk samples which had been collected for Sanandaj pasteurized Milk Corporation. A total of 84 raw milk samples from different places in Sanandaj and Tehran were collected randomly during 2 weeks [in February-2007]. After centrifugation of milk samples, upper creamy layer was completely removed and the lower layer was analyzed by using special ELISA kit made by Tecan S.r I corporation for determination of aflatoxin M1. Data were analyzed by means of ANOVA. Aflatoxin M1 was found in 77 of the milk samples examined. In the remaining samples [7 milk samples] aflatoxin was not found. In 67 milk samples the quantity of aflatoxin was within standard limits and in 17 samples aflatoxin level was higher than the maximum accepted limit [based on European Union standard]. There was a significant difference between the rate of milk contamination in different regions [p<0.001]. Presence of aflatoxin in dairy products is a serious problem for the public health, especially in infants and children who consume these products most frequently. Therefore milk and dairy products have to be inspected routinely for aflatoxin M1 contamination. To achieve a low level of aflatoxin Ml in milk, the milch cows' feeding should be under regular inspection for aflatoxin contamination